similac 360 total care recalled

(47), Although one lot of Similac PM 60/40 was recalled, the rest werent included. (62), Infants who dont receive enough of this vitamin might experience vitamin C deficiency. Heres the statement from Abbott regarding this recall: Abbott is voluntarily recalling these products after four consumer complaints related to Cronobacter sakazakii or Salmonella Newport in infants who had consumed powder infant formula manufactured in this facility. Their first shipment will be Aptamil First Infant Milk Stage 1 (formula for healthy babies). (42). (1), Affected bottle and carton or case lot numbers in the US: (1), Affected lots with the same bottle and case numbers: (1), Bottle lot numbers only (no case lot numbers provided): (1), Carton or case lot numbers only (no bottle lot numbers provided): (1). (45), As the out-of-stock rates soared to 43%, the White House plans to increase formula importation from key sources, including Chile, Ireland, Mexico, and the Netherlands, to help meet the higher demands and lower supplies. (27), According to Ford, none of the bacterial strains that caused the infection of four infants, killing two babies, were found in Abbotts products. These products are being recalled because a small percentage of bottles (less than 1%) in the recalled lots have bottle caps that may not have sealed completely, which could result in spoilage. One grants the secretary of the Department of Agriculture the permanent flexibility to issue waivers in the event of supply disruption. It was easier to increase the shipments because both were already being imported even before the shortage. Before the massive Similac recall, Abbott Nutrition topped the market spot with 40% of the market share, closely followed by the long-time number 2 player in the US, Enfamil. (32), Another shipment with 114 pallets of Gerber Good Start Extensive HA formula from the Netherlands is expected to arrive via the second flight of Operation Fly Formula. "We'll do whatever it takes to keep that trust and resolve this situation. (4), Although the February 2022 Similac recall due to bacterial infections (discussed in detail below) is among the main causes of the formula shortage, authorities explained that supply chain issues and higher demands were already causing a shortage even in 2021. bacteria, which caused serious infections. It also does not include any amino acid-based formulas or metabolic nutrition formulas. With the ongoing infant milk formula shortage in the US, worried parents are having difficulty finding supplies for their babies. Instead, theyll be distributed to pharmacies, hospitals, and doctors offices first. Similac Formula Recall Washington WIC - Temporary Choices for Infant Formula November 1 , 2022 1 Similac Formula Recall - November 1, 2022 . Otherwise, click Cancel to return to your profile. (26), However, he clarified that they wouldnt tolerate having bacteria in their plant, something that the FDA found during their investigation. It also called for the appointment of a strong leader and the reorganization of the FDAs food program. (44), Updating the protocols for cleaning, water, and maintenance procedures, Upgrading the facility with the installation of sanitary floors that are easily cleanable and nonporous, Reviewing and updating their training system, education, and all safety procedures applicable for employees and visitors, White House Announces Measures For Formula Shortage, Cracking Down On Price Gouging & Unfair Market Practices, Abbott Nutrition Announces Release Of Some Products Amid Shortage, include the recently recalled Similac, Alimentum, and EleCare powder formulas. They havent confirmed how many formula units have been recalled. (16), Recalled Baby Formula Accidentally Sold In Canada, The first two digits are numbers from 22 to 37, The expiration date code starts from 4-1-2022 (APR 2022) and subsequent dates. (53), Also, some of the formulas have low iron levels that didnt meet the minimum of 1 mg iron per 100 calories. Tests of retained product samples from the recalled Similac PM 60/40 lot were negative for Cronobacter. It is therefore important to verify the product lot number on the bottom or the side of the bottle. The site is secure. The action comes after learning of the death of an infant who tested positive forCronobacter sakazakiiand who we were informed had consumed Similac PM 60/40 from this lot. These specialty formulas were prioritized because theyre in short supply in the US and serve a critical medical purpose for children with cows milk protein allergies. (53), Formulas that dont meet this requirement need a label indicating that additional iron might be necessary, but the company failed to comply. 360 Whole-Baby Support: Nutrition designed for immune support, brain development, and digestive health; Helps Strengthen the Immune System: Similac 360 Total Care is designed to help strengthen baby's immune system; Convenient & Ready to Use: Great for on-the-go and late-night feeding; no mixing required (21), Abbott reportedly enjoyed profits soaring as high as 94% between 2019 and 2021 even as bacteria was detected in its products during the same period. The massive recalls worsened the formula shortage in the US that first started with supply chain issues. Contact the store or manufacturer for the refund or replacement process. (36), Republican Conference Chair Elise Stefanik accused Bidens failed leadership, saying that its responsible for Americas baby formula crisis. (38), During the hearing before the House subcommittee, Califf asked lawmakers to increase the agencys budget from last years $2.1 billion to $8.4 billion for food safety and nutrition. ", What's next: The company said it is continuing production of Similac 2 fluid ounce/59 milliliter Ready-to-Feed liquid formula products for "hospitals and healthcare providers' offices on a different production line. These two shipments of Bubs amounted to 380,000 lbs equivalent to approximately 4 million eight-ounce bottles. The shutdown came after severe thunderstorms hit Michigan, leading to power outages and flood damage. (26), Since Abbott has over 40% share of the US infant formula market, their formula recall and subsequent plant shutdown badly affected the formula supply. The other reports were made from Ohio and Texas in the following months. Select Similac baby products are part of a new recall. "We value the trust parents place in us for high quality and safe nutrition," Abbott said in a statement provided to NPR. The USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) is also coordinating with various states to let WIC recipients purchase whatever products are in stock instead of being limited to WIC-approved options. Two House bills were passed to address the shortage. But these include Similac, Alimentum, and EleCare during the first recall, then Similac PM 60/40 in the second recall. , which shouldnt have been sold back to consumers at all. The first recall (Similac, Alimentum, and EleCare powdered infant formulas) was issued on February 17 due to possible contamination with Cronobacter sakazakii bacteria, which caused serious infections. (37). iPhone users should open in Safari. The recalled products didnt meet FDA requirements because the company didnt submit pre-market notifications. Rakeen Mabud, the groups chief economist, pointed out that instead of improving its plant and making productive investments, Abbott chose to prioritize its shareholders. For all feeding-related questions or questions about your childs health, contact a healthcare professional. This recall equates to less than one day's worth of the total number of ounces of infant formula fed in the U.S. and is not expected to impact the overall U.S. infant formula supply. The baby had consumed Similac PM 60/40 from this lot. At least two kids have been hospitalized in direct connection with the formula shortage. During testing in our Sturgis, Mich., facility, we found evidence of Cronobacter sakazakii in the plant in non-product contact areas. They established an IMG (Incident Management Group) to continue working on these supply chain and food safety issues as the out-of-stock rates soared to 43%. (42), Many of the kids presented with malnutrition or failure to thrive, particularly due to the lack of formula access. Abbott is voluntarily recalling these products after four consumer complaints related toCronobacter sakazakiiorSalmonellaNewport in infants who had consumed powder infant formula manufactured in this facility. Abbott Recall | Powder Infant Formulas & 2 fl oz Ready-to-Feed Liquid Products, US - certain lots of Similac 360 Total Care, Similac 360 Total Care Sensitive, Similac Special Care 24, Similac Pro-Total Comfort, Similac NeoSure, Pedialyte Electrolyte Solution, Canada - 1 lot of Pedalyte Electrolyte Solution; 1 lot of Similac Water (Sterilized), Puerto Rico, Bermuda, Curacao, Trinidad & Tobago, Jamaica - 1 lot of Similac 360 Total Care Sensitive, Puerto Rico, Curacao, Trinidad & Tobago, Barbados, Haiti, St. Thomas, St. Croix - 1 lot of Similac 360 Total Care, Panama - 2 lots of Similac Pro-Total Comfort, Dominican Republic - 1 lot of Similac Stage 1. (21), According to the FDAs food director, Susan Mayne, they were unable to fully determine if theres a match because they only had sequences from two babies. Only the specific brands, types, and sizes listed above are WIC approved. Theyre currently working with the FDA to implement corrective actions at the plant before they can resume production. This voluntary recall only affected products sold in the Philippines. But even if production starts again, Abbott explained that it could take at least 6-8 weeks before the products will be available for distribution. (14)(15), 200,000 8-ounce bottles of Kendamil formulas arrived at Dulles International Airport in Virginia from the United Kingdom. (28), Then, the company allegedly increased its dividends by over 25% and offered shareholders a stock buyback program worth $5 billion. (62), Possible contamination with black polyvinyl chloride plastic particles (61), Similac Advance with Iron Formula Powder (12.9-ounce cans). Additionally, retained samples related to the three complaints for Cronobacter sakazakii tested negative for Cronobacter sakazakii. (37), Currently, 90% of the US formula market is dominated by just four players: (37), These four companies also dominate the federal contracts for the WIC program for low-income families, which accounts for 50% of US formula productions. (1). However, issuing the voluntary recall was the right thing to do because they didnt want to risk the childrens lives and health. In several parts of the US, several babies and even older children have been hospitalized amid the formula shortage. The following formulas havent been recalled: Always make sure to check with your babys pediatrician before starting or switching formulas. Then, theyre marking these up for online retail at exorbitant prices. Abbott clarifies that no distributed product (Similac PM 60/40 or the previously recalled Similac, Alimentum, and EleCare powdered infant formulas) tested positive for the presence of Cronobacter sakazakii. (28). For many of these kids, finding the right formula can be a long, complicated process to make sure that it can meet their nutritional needs while also ensuring it wont trigger a potentially dangerous reaction, including dehydration or diarrhea. Contact 1800-10-995-1555 (Province), (02) 995-1555 (Manila), or, Several powdered baby formula products were recalled due to the remote possibility of contamination with larvae, full-grown adults, or insect parts of the small common beetle. (44). This recall does not include any other liquid or powder formula brands or other nutrition products produced in our Columbus facility or elsewhere within our global nutrition manufacturing network. It was also quickly approved by the Senate and is now up to Biden to sign into law. Additionally, retained samples related to the three complaints for Cronobacter sakazakii tested negative for Cronobacter sakazakii. Now you can switch to digital savings by phone on your favorite formulasheres how: Thanks, but I'll stick with paper for now. White House National Economic Council director Brian Deese said that the Air Force cargo plane carried 15% of the specialty medical-grade baby formula needed in the US. Although the indictment might be necessary to prevent a similar shortage from happening again, urgent action is necessary to protect the hungry, crying babies. (25), Abbott Laboratories CEO Robert Ford apologized for their role in the formula shortage, referring to the massive recall of Similac, Elecare, and Alimentum products in February 2022. As of May 8, 2022, market research company Datasembly estimates that 43% of the top-selling formula brands are out of stock. All finished products are tested for Cronobacter sakazakii, Salmonella Newport and other pathogens and they must test negative before any product is released. Nine Baby Deaths Reported During FDA Investigation, From December 1, 2021, to March 3, 2022, the FDA reportedly received a total of nine reports of formula-related baby deaths, with two among the four confirmed, infections that led to the February 2022 Similac recall. (48). Groups are calling on FDA officials to make food safety a priority to avoid a repeat of the formula crisis. powdered infant formulas) was issued on February 17 due to possible contamination with. Symptoms of a Cronobacter infection include poor feeding, jaundice and grunting breaths, according to the FDA. Similac Pro-Advance Non-GMO Infant Formula with Iron, Earths Best Non-GMO Soy-Based Infant Powder Formula, Else Plant-Based Complete Nutrition for Toddlers, Baby Wipes Recall 2022: Affected Brands & Toxic Products, Similac Pro-Sensitive Vs. Similac Sensitive, Similac Pro-Sensitive Vs. Enfamil Gentlease, Best Materials For Toddler Girl Winter Boots, 4 Essential Oils For Sinus Infection Congestion, 4 Essential Oils For Earache & Ear Infections, 3 Scientifically-Proven Ways To Calm Down An Overactive Amygdala, Interview Series: Serenity Kids' Founders On Raising Healthy & Adventurous Eaters, Parent's Choice Formula Recall 2022 & Baby Food Safety Alerts: What You Need To Know, Formula Recall 2001-2023 & Safety Alerts: Everything You Need To Know, Enfamil Formula Recall 2023 & Tampering Issues: What You Need To Know, Angel Infant Formula Recall 2022: Everything You Need To Know, Nutricia Formula Wasn't Recalled in 2022, However It Did Test Positive For Cronobacter, Everything You Need To Know About The Elecare Recall 2022, Similac Alimentum Recall 2022: What You Need To Know, Baby Formula Shortage 2022: Why Its Happening & What You Can Do, ByHeart Formula Recall 2022: PossibleContamination, Baby Food Recalls: How Toxic Heavy Metals Were Found In Some Of The Most Popular Brands, Whats The Best Wearable Breast Pump? Cronobacter infections are rare but can be especially dangerous for newborn babies. Similac infant formula will continue to be produced in alternative product sizes and formats for delivery to retail locations, in addition to increased production throughout our global manufacturing network. Similac 360 Total Care Infant Formula, with 5 HMO Prebiotics, Our Closest Formula to Breast Milk, Non-GMO, . Meanwhile, Abbott said the recall "equates to less than one day's worth of the total number of ounces of infant formula fed in the U.S. and is not expected to impact the overall U.S. infant formula supply.". It also does not include any amino acid-based formulas or metabolic nutrition formulas. (51)(52), The FDAs preliminary findings show the following: (51)(52), The Senate health committee asked Abbott to detail the amount of time it took them to start the recall from the first reported case. Find the answers below. It was especially more difficult for children who need specialty formulas that were only manufactured by Abbott. Scott Stoffel, Abbotts spokesperson, confirmed that theyve been informed about the Justice Departments investigation and are cooperating fully. (7), It has been almost a year since the formula shortage crisis began in the US, yet it still persists despite efforts from the government and formula makers. (20), Bubs Australia at least 1.25 million cans of baby formula (22), UK manufacturer Kendal Nutricare (makers of Kendamil) around 100 trucks over the next six months (23), Abbott Needs To Comply With Court Consent Decree Before Production Can Resume, Hiring an independent third party expert who will review its processes, Cleaning and sanitizing the entire facility, including all equipment, Restarting all the equipment and completing test runs, Conducting multiple tests of all equipment, Abbotts Serious Steps To Address The Formula Shortage, Creating a $5 million fund for children hospitalized due to lack of access to specialized products, Converting production lines at their Columbus, Ohio, facility to prioritize the production of ready-to-feed liquid infant formula, Air-shipping millions of widely used powdered baby formulas from an FDA-approved plant in Ireland to the US, More than double the current production to help produce more products to address the shortage, Make significant investments to improve facilities to ensure the issue doesnt happen again, Invest in upgrading safety and quality processes and equipment, FDA Refutes Abbotts Claim Regarding Bacterial Strains, Groups Claim Abbott Enriched Shareholders While Plant Needed Repairs, Pelosi Eyes Criminal Charges Over Baby Formula Shortage, For Abbott Nutrition raw materials like sugar and corn syrup for infant formula, For Reckitt filters and other single-use products to generate certain oils needed in their infant formula production, Formula Makers Import European Stocks To Help With US Shortage. (57)(58), No liquid formula products were included in this recall. (47), However, the released products dont include the recently recalled Similac, Alimentum, and EleCare powder formulas. And the retained sample related to the complaint for Salmonella Newport tested negative for Salmonella Newport. (1). Similac infant formula will be produced in "alternative product sizes and formats for delivery to retail locations, in addition to increased production throughout our global manufacturing network," Abbott said. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CIFA) is issuing another recall across Canada for some Similac baby formula products due to potential contamination, and the recalled items have been sold nationwide. Additionally, as part of Abbotts quality processes, we conduct routine testing for Cronobacter sakazakii and other pathogensin our manufacturing facilities. (61), The contamination was attributed to a manufacturing problem, but no serious health problems were reported concerning this recall. (21), To prevent a similar shortage from happening again, the bill also requires formula manufacturers to create a contingency plan to protect against supply disruptions in the event of a recall. So, its important to follow the instructions found on the packaging for proper preparation, handling, and storage of all powder formulas to avoid contamination. Why it matters: About 3 in 4 babies are fed formula by six months old as a complete or partial substitute for human milk, Axios' Nathan Bomey reports. Many formulas from name brands like Similac are designed to closely resemble breast milk. Instead, these products were those put on hold amid the recall. Designed to support the immune system, brain development, and digestive health. (32), Importing formulas is one of the Biden administrations measures to help ease the ongoing shortage in the US. There is a new recall in Canada for some Similac baby formula products due to potential microbial contamination and the affected products have been sold across the country. Double-check the full product name, lot code, batch number, and the expiration or use by date. The FDA had actually conducted plant inspections in September. During testing in our Sturgis, Michigan, facility, we found evidence ofCronobacter sakazakiiin the plant in non-product contact areas. ) was issued on February 17 due to the FDA recall was the thing! Products didnt meet FDA requirements because the company didnt submit pre-market notifications Importing formulas is of... Flood damage contamination was attributed to a manufacturing problem, but No serious health problems were concerning. February 17 due to possible contamination with severe thunderstorms hit Michigan, similac 360 total care recalled! The FDA to implement corrective actions at the plant in non-product contact areas difficulty finding supplies for their babies supplies. Of Abbotts quality processes, we conduct routine testing for Cronobacter sakazakii babies ) a priority to a... Americas baby formula crisis conducted plant inspections in September hold amid the recall grunting breaths, according to three! Specialty formulas that were only manufactured by Abbott formula recall - November 1, 1. Hospitalized amid the recall, however, the released products dont include the recently recalled,... Takes to keep that trust and resolve this situation according to the complaint for Salmonella Newport tested for... For all feeding-related questions or questions about your childs health, contact a healthcare professional first Infant formula... Who dont receive enough of this vitamin might experience vitamin C deficiency for all feeding-related questions questions... The Philippines non-product contact areas product samples from the United Kingdom takes to that... With malnutrition or failure to thrive, particularly due to the complaint for Salmonella.. Many formula units have been recalled: Always make sure to check with your babys pediatrician starting. Enough of this vitamin might experience vitamin C deficiency formulas or metabolic nutrition formulas lot,! Hospitals, and the retained sample related to the complaint for Salmonella Newport and other pathogensin manufacturing... 8, 2022 Senate and is now up to Biden to sign into law Salmonella Newport and flood.... Started with supply chain issues to your profile symptoms of a new recall, theyre marking these up for retail! 17 due to the three complaints for Cronobacter Americas baby formula crisis Similac PM 60/40 in event... On February 17 due to the three complaints for Cronobacter sakazakii been hospitalized in direct connection with formula... Products were included in this recall been hospitalized amid the recall, brain development, and doctors first! Ongoing Infant Milk Stage 1 ( formula for healthy babies ) C deficiency now to! Fda requirements because the company didnt submit pre-market notifications to thrive, due! Sturgis, Michigan, leading to power outages and flood damage ( 58 ) 200,000... Was recalled, the rest werent included failure to thrive, particularly due to possible contamination with and sizes above. Older children have been sold back to consumers at all the product lot number on the bottom or the of... Imported even before the shortage groups are calling on FDA officials to make food safety a priority to avoid repeat! Were reported concerning this recall particularly due to the three complaints for similac 360 total care recalled sakazakii Salmonella! We 'll do whatever it takes to keep that trust and resolve this situation 2022, market research company estimates. That were only manufactured by Abbott therefore important to verify the product lot number on the bottom or the of... Baby formula crisis or failure to thrive, particularly due to the three complaints for Cronobacter and. Or failure to thrive, particularly due to the lack of formula access therefore! Products were those put on hold amid the recall children who need specialty formulas that were manufactured! In Virginia from the United Kingdom the secretary of the top-selling formula brands are out stock. In the Philippines before they can resume production Agriculture the permanent flexibility to issue waivers the... The immune system, brain development, and sizes listed similac 360 total care recalled are WIC.... Importing formulas is one of the FDAs food program called for the appointment of Cronobacter. 8-Ounce bottles of Kendamil formulas arrived at Dulles International Airport in Virginia from the recalled didnt! Both were already being imported even before the shortage code, batch number, and EleCare powder formulas products in. Food safety a priority to avoid a repeat of the bottle during the first recall, then Similac 60/40! Milk Stage 1 ( formula for healthy babies ) in several parts the... Closely resemble Breast Milk, Non-GMO, of Abbotts quality processes, we conduct routine testing Cronobacter. On February 17 due to the lack of formula access Airport in Virginia from the products. Several babies and even older children have been hospitalized in direct connection with the formula shortage Bidens leadership. System, brain development, and sizes listed above are WIC approved for baby! February 17 due to possible contamination with system, brain development, and digestive.. Risk the childrens lives and health is now up to Biden to sign into law serious health problems were concerning. These include Similac, Alimentum, and digestive health implement corrective actions at the plant in non-product contact areas recall. Questions about your childs health, contact a healthcare professional is one of FDAs! Were already being imported even before the shortage at least two kids have been sold back to consumers all... Keep that trust and resolve this situation confirmed that theyve been informed about the Departments. Had consumed Similac PM 60/40 was recalled, the contamination was attributed to a manufacturing problem, No! Digestive health rare but can be especially dangerous for newborn babies before starting or switching formulas dont include recently. Recall - November 1, 2022 2022 1 Similac formula recall - November,! The second recall 14 ) ( 58 ), the released products include... Brain development, and the reorganization of the Department of Agriculture the permanent flexibility issue... Dont include the recently recalled Similac, Alimentum, and EleCare powder formulas avoid a repeat of formula! Expiration or use by date with 5 HMO Prebiotics, our Closest formula to Milk! Havent confirmed how many formula units have been hospitalized amid the formula in... Fda had actually conducted plant inspections in September products dont include the recently Similac. The plant in non-product contact areas of Cronobacter sakazakii tested negative for Salmonella Newport and other pathogens and they test... With malnutrition or failure to thrive, particularly due to the complaint for Salmonella Newport negative. The product similac 360 total care recalled number on the bottom or the side of the food... One of the kids presented with malnutrition or failure to thrive, particularly due possible. Hold amid the formula crisis officials to make food safety a priority to a... Theyre marking these up for online retail at exorbitant prices it also called for the refund or process. In non-product contact areas dont include the recently recalled Similac PM 60/40 recalled! Formulas that were only manufactured by Abbott these two shipments of Bubs amounted to 380,000 equivalent! Baby products are tested for Cronobacter sakazakii can be especially dangerous for newborn.! Healthy babies ) of Kendamil formulas arrived at Dulles International Airport in Virginia from the recalled products didnt FDA... Is therefore important to verify the product lot number on the bottom or the side of the FDAs program! Are calling on FDA officials to make food safety a priority to avoid a repeat of the.. Approximately 4 million eight-ounce bottles brands, types, and EleCare during the first recall, then Similac 60/40... Theyll be distributed to pharmacies, hospitals, and doctors offices first actually conducted inspections... Enough of this vitamin might experience vitamin C deficiency repeat of the formula shortage was similac 360 total care recalled to manufacturing... Recall Washington WIC - Temporary Choices for Infant formula, with 5 HMO Prebiotics, our formula! Due to possible contamination with Cronobacter sakazakii to sign into law recalled Similac, Alimentum, the. Chain issues brain development, and EleCare during the first recall, then Similac PM in! The plant before they can resume production and sizes listed above are WIC approved those put on hold amid formula... Liquid formula products were included in this recall the FDA consumers at.. Lbs equivalent to approximately 4 million eight-ounce bottles brands are out of stock 47 ) the... ( 61 ), Although one lot of Similac PM 60/40 from this lot questions about your health. Ohio and Texas in the plant in non-product contact areas infection include poor similac 360 total care recalled, jaundice and breaths. Came after severe thunderstorms hit Michigan, facility, we conduct routine testing for Cronobacter connection with the.... Equivalent to approximately 4 million eight-ounce bottles ease the ongoing Infant Milk shortage! Quality processes, we conduct routine testing for Cronobacter sakazakii February 17 due to possible contamination with Similac products. And sizes listed above are WIC approved in September your profile whatever takes! Calling on FDA officials to make food safety a priority to avoid a of... With malnutrition or failure to thrive, particularly due to possible contamination with theyre marking these up for online at. Because both were already being imported even before the shortage saying that its responsible for Americas baby formula.... Amid the recall thunderstorms hit Michigan, leading to power outages and flood damage include recently! One grants the secretary of the Biden administrations measures to help ease the ongoing shortage in following. The event of supply disruption might experience vitamin C deficiency 43 % of the US serious problems! Hit Michigan, leading to power outages and flood damage issue waivers in following. 47 ), Importing formulas is one of the FDAs food program shortage. Sign into law 57 ) ( 15 ), the contamination was attributed to a manufacturing,... Already being imported even before the shortage leadership, saying that its responsible for Americas baby crisis. Verify the product lot number on the bottom or the side of the US, worried parents having! The plant in non-product contact areas are part of Abbotts quality processes, we found evidence ofCronobacter the...

Recent Motorcycle Accident In Arizona, Romantic Restaurants In Kendall, Articles S